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References

  1. American Heart Association. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics, 2011 Update. Circulation. 2009;119(3):e21.
  2. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Angina. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/Angina/Angina_WhatIs.html. Accessed February 4, 2009.
  3. American Heart Association. Angina pectoris. http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4472. Accessed February 3, 2009.
  4. Morrow DA, Gersh BJ. Chronic coronary artery disease. In: Braunwald E, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2008:1353.
  5. American Heart Association: Heart Attack. http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HeartAttack/Heart-Attack_UCM_001092_SubHomePage.jsp. Accessed March 2, 2010.
  6. Gibbons RJ, Abrams J, Chatterjee K, et al, with American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. ACC/AHA 2002 guideline update for the management of patients with chronic stable angina—summary article: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on the Management of Patients With Chronic Stable Angina). Circulation. 2003;107:149-158.
  7. Gibbons RJ, Chatterjee K, Daley J, et al. ACC/AHA/ACP-ASIM Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Chronic Stable Angina: Executive Summary and Recommendations: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Management of Patients with Chronic Stable Angina). Circulation. 1999;99;2829-2848.
  8. Chestnut LG, Keller LR, Lambert WE, et al. "Measuring Heart Patients' Willingness to Pay for Changes in Angina Symptoms: Some Methodological Implications." Journal of Medical Decision Making. 1996;16:65-77.
  9. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion: Quality of Life. http://www.cdc.gov/hrqol. Accessed March 2, 2010.
  10. Boden WE, O'Rourke RA, Teo KK, et al. Optimal medical therapy with or without PCI for stable coronary disease. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:1503-1516.
  11. Fihn S, Williams SV, Daley J, et al. Guidelines for the management of patients with chronic stable angina: treatment. Ann Intern Med. 2001;135:616-32.
  12. Medicine Plus: Edema. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/edema.html. Accessed March 17, 2010.
  13. American Heart Association. What is Cardiac Rehabilitation? http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/CardiacRehab/What-is-Cardiac-Rehabilitation_UCM_307049_Article.jsp. Accessed April 29, 2011.
  14. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Cardiac Rehabilitation. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/rehab/rehab_whatis.html. Accessed April 29, 2011.
  15. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Types of Blood Pressure Medication. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/hbp/treat/bpd_type.htm#calcium. Accessed May 24, 2011.

*If you experience angina that doesn't go away with rest or nitroglycerin, seek medical attention immediately.

The information on this website should not take the place of talking with your cardiologist or healthcare professional.

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